{"id":3557,"date":"2019-12-09T14:20:36","date_gmt":"2019-12-09T10:50:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/en.eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/?p=3557"},"modified":"2021-08-02T08:17:20","modified_gmt":"2021-08-02T03:47:20","slug":"mentha-pulegium-l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/?p=3557","title":{"rendered":"Mentha pulegium L."},"content":{"rendered":"

Mentha pulegium <\/em><\/strong>L.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Parvin Salehi Shanjani and Leila Rasoulzadeh<\/p>\n

Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.<\/p>\n

Uploaded at August 2021<\/p>\n

Scientific editors: Valiullah Mozaffarian and Masoumeh Izadpanah<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Seed Storage <\/strong><\/p>\n

Storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds); dry to 15% eRH and store at -20\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Germination<\/strong> requirements<\/strong><\/p>\n

The seeds of this species are not dormant. Sterilize seeds before placing them on wet germination paper. Place seeds for two weeks in 4\u00baC to germinate uniformly. Then germinate under an alternating temperature regime of 15\/20 \u00baC (the higher temperature for 16 hours in light and the lower one for eight hours in dark). Seeds need light to germinate; thus should be surface sown.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Morphology<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fruit<\/strong> type<\/strong>: Nut<\/p>\n

Fruit<\/strong> shape: <\/strong>Nutlets ovate, trigonous with hilum at the base. Surface glabrous, with honeycomb patterns, slightly lustrous, brown.<\/p>\n

Seed size: <\/strong>Length 0.65 to 0.81 mm, width 0.38 to 0.53 mm in an accession from Markazi with 1000 seeds weight 0.05 g, which was collected in 2005 by Ranjbar Masuri, and the cultivated sample was identified by Ziba Jamehzad with accession number 22231.<\/p>\n

1000 seed weight: <\/strong>0.05 to 0.4 g<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Biological features<\/strong><\/p>\n

Life form: <\/strong>A perennial herb, 40 to 100 cm height, with abundant erect<\/em>,<\/em> branched stems, covered with dense hairs; and rhizomatous<\/p>\n

Inflorescences, flower type, and pollination mechanisms:<\/strong> Inflorescence verticillaster (spike-like). Flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic, Purple to pink. Plant monoecious, cross-pollinate, pollination is carried out by both wind (anemophily) and insect (entomophily<\/em>).<\/p>\n

Time<\/strong> of<\/strong> flowering<\/strong>: Late spring to summer<\/p>\n

Time of seed ripening<\/strong>: Summer<\/p>\n

Seed dispersal methods: <\/strong>The seeds are displaced by weight.<\/p>\n

Geographical distribution: <\/strong>Europe, Iran, Caucasus, and Central Asia. Typus from Europe<\/p>\n

Distribution in Iran: <\/strong>North. Gilan. Mostly found near the streams, ditches, meadows, abandoned fields, and different regions with high soil moisture especially in the Hyrcanian region.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Taxonomy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Family: <\/strong>Lamiaceae<\/p>\n

Genus: <\/strong>Mentha<\/em><\/p>\n

Species: <\/strong>pulegium<\/em><\/p>\n

Common name: <\/strong>Pennyroyal<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

References and Links<\/strong><\/p>\n

Boj\u0148ansk\u00fd, V. and Farga\u0161ov\u00e1, A. 2007. Atlas of seeds and fruits of central and East-European flora: the Carpathian Mountains region. Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 1046 pp.<\/p>\n

Abd El Maksoud, Hanan S. and Safwat Azer, A. 2013. Taxonomical and Comparative Studies on Some Wild and Cultivated Species of Genus Mentha in Egypt Journal of Applied Sciences Research 9(10): 6567-6573.<\/p>\n

Jamzad, Z. 1391. Flora of Iran, No. 76: Lamiaceae. Agricultural Research, Education and Promotion Organization, Research Institute for Forests and Rangelands of Iran, Tehran, 1066 p.<\/p>\n

Ghahraman, A. Flore of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with University of Tehran publication. https:\/\/floraofiran.net\/index.php.<\/p>\n

Lawrence, B. M. 2006. Mint: the genus Mentha (Medicinal and Aromatic Plants – Industrial Profiles). Taylor & Francis Group publisher. 598 p.<\/p>\n

Morton, J.F. 1997. Major medicinal plants, botany, culture, and uses. Charles C. Thomas Publisher, Bannerstone House.<\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V. 2012. A Pictorial Dictionary of Botany. Farhange Moaser publisher, 1088 pp.<\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V.A. 1998. Dictionary of Iranian Plants Names. Moaser Publisher, Tehran Farhang, 671 pp.<\/p>\n

Rechinger, K.H. 1982. Flora Iranica. vol.152: Akademische druck and Varagsanstalt. Graz. 542-543.<\/p>\n

Sharma, O.P. 2009. Plant taxonomy 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi, 563 pp.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mentha pulegium L. Parvin Salehi Shanjani and Leila Rasoulzadeh Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3558,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3557"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4896,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3557\/revisions\/4896"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3557"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3557"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3557"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}