{"id":5019,"date":"2022-06-18T11:05:55","date_gmt":"2022-06-18T06:35:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/?p=5019"},"modified":"2022-06-18T11:07:09","modified_gmt":"2022-06-18T06:37:09","slug":"hordeum-bulbosum-l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/?p=5019","title":{"rendered":"Hordeum bulbosum L."},"content":{"rendered":"

Hordeum bulbosum L.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hamideh Javadi, Parvin Salehi Shanjani, Behnam Hamzeh’ee and Seyed Esmael Seyedian<\/strong><\/p>\n

Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uploaded at June 2022<\/strong><\/p>\n

Scientific editor: Masoumeh Izadpanah<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Seed Storage <\/strong><\/p>\n

Storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds), dry to 15-20% eRH and store at -20\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

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Germination<\/strong> requirements<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seeds do not have physiological and physical dormancy and are easily able to germinate. Place seeds between-paper in 5-10 C\u00ba for 5 days to germinate uniformly. Then germinate at constant temperature of 20 C\u00ba and 8\/16 hr. photoperiod.<\/p>\n

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Morphology<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fruit type:<\/strong> Caryopses<\/p>\n

F<\/span>ruit\/seed size:<\/strong> Length 6.04 to 7.15 mm, width 1.85 to 1.96 mm in an accession with 1000 fruit\/seeds weight 9.1 g., which was collected from Rudbar, Gilan in 2003 and the cultivated sample was identified by Behnam Hamzeh’ee with accession number 11755.<\/p>\n

Average 1000 fruit\/seed weight:<\/strong> 8.1 to 14.62 g.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Biological features<\/strong><\/p>\n

Life form:<\/strong> Perennial herb, plant with a bulbous swelling at the base of the culms which is covered with brown or scarious scales or old sheaths. Culms tufted, erect, glaucous, up to 60 cm tall, smooth and glabrous<\/p>\n

Inflorescences<\/strong>, <\/strong>flower type and pollination mechanism:<\/strong> Spike dense, linear, up to 14 cm, long, 1 cm broad, greenish-yellow or purplish, spikelets in three, the two lateral pedicelled, the central sessile, glume slender, scarbid, lemmas of the lateral spikelets muticous, central with a slender arista, florets ovoid. Pollination is carried out by wind (anemophily).<\/p>\n

Time<\/strong> of<\/strong> flowering:<\/strong> June to Juley<\/p>\n

Time of seed ripening:<\/strong> June to Juley<\/p>\n

Seed dispersal methods:<\/strong> Wind and livestock<\/p>\n

Geographical distribution:<\/strong> Mediterranean region, Anatolia, Iraq, Talesh, Iran, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Russia, Southern Caucasus and Western Siberia. Typus from Eastern Italy<\/p>\n

Distribution in Iran: <\/strong>North, North-West, West and Center. Mostly in Mazandaran, Gilan, West and East Azerbaijan, Ilam, Hamedan, Arak, Isfahan, Yazd, Kohkoloyeh ve Boyerahmad, Chahar Mahal va Bakhtiyari, Markazi, Kermanshah, Lorestan, Khozestan, Kerman, Fars, Boshehr and Tehran provinces.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Taxonomy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Family: <\/strong>Gramineae\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Genus: <\/strong>Hordeum<\/em>\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Species:<\/strong> bulbosum<\/em><\/p>\n

C<\/strong>o<\/strong>m<\/strong>m<\/strong>o<\/strong>n name: <\/strong>Bulbar barley<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

R<\/strong>eferences and Links<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V. 2006. A Dictionary of Iranian plant names. Latin-English-Persian. Farhang Moaser Publishers, 671 pp.<\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V. 2020. Identification of weeds plants. Shahre-ab publishers, 1001 pp.<\/p>\n

Dinarvand, M. 2020. Flor of Khozestan. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands publishers, 814 pp.<\/p>\n

Ghahreman, A. 2017. Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publishers, No.2188 (18).<\/p>\n

http:\/\/floranorthamerica.org\/Hordeum<\/p>\n

Rechinger, K.H. 1970. Flora Iranica. Akademische Druck- und Verlagsanstalt Graz Publishers, No.70, P. 240.<\/p>\n

Javadi, H. 2021. Seed: Processing and Quality tests. Agricultural Education & Extension Publishers, 175 pp.<\/p>\n

V\u00edt Bojnansk\u00fd and Ag\u00e1ta Farga\u0161ov\u00e1, 2007. Atlas of Seeds and Fruits of Central and East-European flora. Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. P. 887.<\/p>\n

Townsend, C.C., Guest, E. and Al-Rawi, A. 1968. Flora of Iraq. Gramineae, vol. 9: 244 pp. Published by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Iraq.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hordeum bulbosum L. Hamideh Javadi, Parvin Salehi Shanjani, Behnam Hamzeh’ee and Seyed Esmael Seyedian Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":5034,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[40],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5019"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5019"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5019\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5037,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5019\/revisions\/5037"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5034"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5019"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5019"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5019"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}