{"id":6116,"date":"2026-01-04T12:15:26","date_gmt":"2026-01-04T08:45:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/?p=6116"},"modified":"2026-01-04T12:17:29","modified_gmt":"2026-01-04T08:47:29","slug":"paronychia-bungei-boiss","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eseed.rifr-ac.ir\/en\/?p=6116","title":{"rendered":"Paronychia bungei Boiss."},"content":{"rendered":"

Paronychia bungei <\/em><\/strong>Boiss<\/strong>.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Parvin Salehi Shanjani, Sara Nikkhah and Mohammad Amin Soltanipoor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Uploaded at January 2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Scientific editor: Masoumeh Izadpanah<\/strong><\/p>\n

Seed Storage <\/strong><\/p>\n

The storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds), dry to 15-20% eRH, and store at -20\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Germination<\/strong> requirements<\/strong><\/p>\n

The seeds of this species are not dormant. Sterilize seeds before placing them on wet germination paper. Place seeds for two weeks at 4 \u00baC to germinate uniformly. Then germinate under an alternating temperature regime of 15\/20 \u00baC (the higher temperature for 16 hours in light and the lower one for eight hours in dark).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Morphology<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fruit type:<\/strong> Achene<\/p>\n

Fruit shape:<\/strong> Prolonged obovoid, slight compressed. Surface faint tuberculate, lustrous, glabrous, golden-brown<\/p>\n

Fruit <\/strong>size: <\/strong>Length 7.09 to 8 mm, width 3.19 to 3.33 mm in an accession from Hajiabad, Hormozghan, with 1000 seed\/fruit weight 0.08 g, which was collected and identified in 2019 by Mohammad Amin Soltanipoor, and is stored in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran with an accession number of 47988.<\/p>\n

Average 1000 seed\/f<\/strong>ruit<\/strong> weight: <\/strong>0.08 g<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Biological<\/strong> features<\/strong><\/p>\n

Life form: <\/strong>Herbaceous, perennial, woody at base, 3 to 9 cm height, pubescent. Stems procumbent<\/p>\n

Inflorescence, flower type, and pollination mechanism: <\/strong>Inflorescence cymose, terminal; flowers 5-merous, sessiliflorous, concealed by the bracts; bracts 4 mm long, membranous, white; calyx polysepalous, sepals unequal; petals threadlike and delicate. Plant monoecious, dioecious. Pollination is by insects and wind.<\/p>\n

Time<\/strong> of<\/strong> flowering:<\/strong> Spring to summer<\/p>\n

Time of seed ripening:<\/strong> Summer<\/p>\n

Seed dispersal methods:<\/strong> Seed weight<\/p>\n

Geographical distribution: <\/strong>Endemic to Iran. Typus from Kerman<\/p>\n

Distribution in Iran:<\/strong> South. Mostly in Province Yazd, Fars and Kerman<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Taxonomy<\/strong><\/p>\n

Family: <\/strong>Caryophyllaceae<\/p>\n

Genus: <\/strong>paronychia<\/em><\/p>\n

Species: <\/strong>P. bungei <\/em><\/p>\n

Persian name: <\/strong>Aghrabak-e kermani<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

R<\/strong>eferences and Links<\/strong><\/p>\n

Asadi, M., Fadaei, F., Tawakli, Z., Heydari Rikan, M., Mostafavi, G., Mahdavi, M., Poursakhi, K. and Nejad Flatori, A. 2023. Flora of Iran. Charyophyllaceae. Institute of Forests and Rangelands Press, Tehran, Iran, Publication, No. 168, 987 pp.<\/p>\n

Black, M. and Bewley, J.D. 2000. Seed technology and its biological basis. Sheffield Academic Press, 1-419 P.<\/p>\n

Boj\u0148ansk\u00fd, V. and Farga\u0161ov\u00e1, A. 2007. Atlas of seeds and fruits of central and East-European flora: the Carpathian Mountains region. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1046 P.<\/p>\n

Ghahraman, A. Flore of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with University of Tehran Publication. https:\/\/floraofiran.net\/index.php.<\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V.A. 1998. Dictionary of Iranian plants names. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 671 P.<\/p>\n

Mozaffarian, V.A. 2012. A Pictorial dictionary of botany. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 1088 P.<\/p>\n

Sharma, O.P. 2009. Plant taxonomy 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi, 563 P.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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