Author: آمنه غلامی 
Astragalus doshman-ziariensis Maassoumi & Podlech
Mohammad Dadmand, Masoumeh Ramezani Yeganeh and Ahmad Purmerzaii
Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Uploaded at December 2025
Scientific editor: Parvin Salehi Shanjani
Seed Storage
The storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds), dry to 15-20% eRH, and store at -20°C.
Germination requirements
The seeds have physical-physiological dormancy and this is related to seed coat and inhibitors. To remove the seed coat, different methods of scarification can be used (sandpaper, sulfuric acid, hot water, etc.). To break dormancy, stratification with pre-chilling (for 14 days), ultrasonic waves, and hormones (Gibberellic acid 100 ppm) are efficient. The best method for breaking dormancy is rubbing the seeds with sandpaper and moist chilling (14 days at 4 °C). Then germinate under a constant temperature of 20 ºC or alternating temperature 25 ºC (16 hours of light) and 15 ºC (8 hours of dark).
Morphology
Fruit Type: Pod
Fruit shape: Imperfect bilocular, subovoid, ventral side concave, dorsal side convex, pubescent
Fruit size: Length 4 mm and width 2 mm
Seed shape: Reniform, slightly compressed. Surface wrinkled, glabrous, slightly lustrous, brown, with scattered tiny black spots
Seed size: Length 2.16 to 2.55 mm, width 1.51 to 1.79 mm in an accession from Rabor, Keraman, with 1000 seeds weight 2.6 g, which was collected and identified in 2018 by Ahmad Purmerzaii and is stored in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran with an accession number 47236
Average 1000 seed weight: 2.6 g
Biological features
Life form: Perennial, pubescent. Stems numerous, procumbent, 5 to 9 cm long
Inflorescence, flower type, and pollination mechanism: Inflorescence capitate, spherical or prolongated cylindrical, axillary; flowers hermaphrodite, zygomorphic, papilionaceous, corolla (composed of banner: upper large petal, wings: two petals adjacent to the banner, and keel: two bottom petals) yellow, wings longer the keel. Plant monoecious, cross-pollinated. Pollination is carried out by insects and wind.
Time of flowering: Late spring
Time of seed ripening: Summer
Seed dispersal methods: Seed weight and animals
Geographical distribution: Endemic to Iran. Typus from Doshman zyari, Fars
Distribution in Iran: Center. Mostly in province Fars
Taxonomy
Family: Fabaceae
Genus: Astragalus
Species: A. doshman-ziariensis
Persian name: Gavan
References and Links
Black, M. and Bewley, J.D. 2000. Seed technology and its biological basis. Sheffield Academic Press, 1-419 pp.
Bojňanský, V. and Fargašová, A. 2007. Atlas of seeds and fruits of central and East-European flora: the Carpathian Mountains region. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1046 pp.
Ghahraman, A. Flore of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with University of Tehran Publication. https://floraofiran.net/index.php.
Javadi, H. 2021. Seed: Processing and Quality tests. Agricultural Education & Extension Publishers, 175 pp.
Maassoumi, A.A. 2018. Flora of Iran, Fabaceae (Astragalus III). Institute of Forests and Rangelands Press, Tehran, Iran, Publication No. 145, 52 pp.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 1998. Dictionary of Iranian plants names. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 671 pp.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 2012. A Pictorial dictionary of botany. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 1088 pp.
Sharma, O.P. 2009. Plant taxonomy 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delh
