Author: آمنه غلامی 
Parlatoria rostrata Boiss.
Masoumeh Izadpanah, Amene Gholami,Mohammad Mahmoodi and Esmael Jarchi
Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Uploaded at february 2026
Scientific editor: Parvin Salehi Shanjani
Seed Storage
The storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds), dry to 15 to 20% eRH, and store at -20°C.
Germination requirements
The seeds of this species are not dormant. Sterilize seeds before placing them on wet germination paper. Place seeds for two weeks at 4 ºC to germinate uniformly. Then germinate under an alternating temperature regime of 15/20 ºC (the higher temperature for 16 hours in light and the lower one for eight hours in dark).
Morphology
Fruit type: Silique, indehiscent
Fruit shape: Linear, bended downward or upward, midell vein prominant, lateral veins indistinctive, transverse walls thin, pitted and reticulate, seeds in a single row glabrous or pubecent
Fruit size: Length 15 to 50 mm, width 20 mm; pedicel approximately as thick as the fruit width, 4 to 20 mm long, pedicels longer on lower fruits of the cluster
Seed shape: Prolonged subfusiform, radicular furrow distict, hillom basal. Surface with indistinct longitudinal furrowed, glabrous, dull, brown
Seed size: Length 4.35 to 5.36 mm, width 1.2 to 1.28 mm in an accession from Tarem, Zanja with 1000 seeds weight 3.45 g, which was collected and identified in 2018 by Mohammad Mahmoodi and Esmael Jarchi, and is stored in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran with the accession number 47007.
Average 1000 seed weight: 3.45 to 9.6 g
Biological features
Life form: Annual, rarely biennial, herbaceous. glabrous or pubescent. Stem erect, often brahnched at the base, with elastic branches, 20 to 40 cm long, color red
Inflorescence, flower type, and pollination mechanism: Inflorescence raceme; flowers hermaphrodite, regular; polysepalous, sepals membranous, transparent at the margin, 2 to 3.5 mm long; polypetalous, petals obovate, wavy at the margin, 4 to 5 mm long, color white. plant monoecious, cross-pollinated. Pollination is carried out by insects and wind.
Time of flowering: Spring
Time of seed ripening: Mid-spring to early summer
Seed dispersal methods: Seed weight
Geographical distribution: Endemic to Iran. Typus from Darband, Tehran
Distribution in Iran: West, Center and South. Mostly in provinces Hamadan, Alborz, Qom, Markazi and Tehran
Taxonomy
Family: Brassicaceae
Genus: Parlatoria
Species: P. rostrata
Persian name: –
References and Links
Assadi, M. Sajedi, S. Fakhr Ranjberi, H. Mirzadeh Vaghefi, S. Moazzeni, H. Khodashenas, M. Khosravi, A. R. Hatami, A. Mehrnia, M. Kaffash, Sh. Heidarnia, N. Sheidai, M. Heidari Rikan, M. Kavousi, K. Sonboli, A. Veiskarami, Gh. And Aminian, F. 2017. Flora of Iran, Brassicaceae, No.143. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Press, Tehran, Iran, 954 pp.
Black, M. and Bewley, J.D. 2000. Seed technology and its biological basis. Sheffield Academic Press, 419 pp.
Bojňanský, V. and Fargašová, A. 2007. Atlas of seeds and fruits of central and East-European flora: The Carpathian Mountains region. Springer, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 1046 pp.
Ghahraman, A. Flore of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands with University of Tehran Publication. https://floraofiran.net/index.php.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 1998. Dictionary of Iranian plants names. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 671 pp.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 2012. A Pictorial dictionary of botany. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 1088 pp.
Sharma, O.P. 2009. Plant taxonomy 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi, 563 pp.
