Author: آمنه غلامی 
Vicia pannonica Crantz
Hamideh Javadi, Leila Falah Hoseini, Masoumeh Ramezani Yeganeh and Nastaran Jalilian
Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Uploaded at September 2022
Scientific editor: Masoumeh Izadpanah and Parvin Salehi Shanjani
Seed Storage
The storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds), dry to 15-20% eRH, and store at -20°C.
Germination requirements
The seeds of this species are not dormant. Sterilize seeds before placing them on wet germination paper. Place seeds for two weeks at 4 ºC to germinate uniformly. Then germinate under an alternating temperature regime of 15/20 ºC (the higher temperature for 16 hours in light and the lower one for eight hours in dark).
Morphology
Fruit type: pod
Fruit shape: Rectangular, at the end with a 4-5 mm long beak, covered with long, dense, silky, and appressed hairs, 3-5 seeded, yellow to brown
Fruit size: Length 25 to 30 mm; width 5 to 6 mm, stalk 4-5 mm long
Seed shape: Spheric, dark brown with white spots
Seed size: length: 2.76 to 2.86 mm, width: 2.34 to 2.43 mm in an accession with 1000 seeds weight 12.5 g, which was collected by Akberzadeh from Rahimabad, Gilan, in 2006 and the cultivated sample was identified by Nastaran Jalilian with an accession number 24095
Average 1000 seed weight: 12.5 to 32 g
Biological Features
Life Form: Annual herb, with thin silky dense hairs, erect or appressed, 18-90 cm high
Inflorescence, flower type and pollination mechanism: Inflorescence 1-4 flowered. Flowers 18-21 mm long. Corolla yellow. Calyx tubular and gibbous at the base, a little oblique at the end, covered with dense silky hairs. Flowers hermaphrodite and self-pollinating. Pollination is carried out by insects (entomophily).
Time of flowering: May
Time of seed ripening: May-Jun
Seed dispersal methods: Wind and domestic animals
Geographical distribution: Europe, Turkey, Iran, Caucasus, North, and West Africa. Typus from Austria
Distribution in Iran: North, and North-West. Mostly in Azerbaijan province
Taxonomy
Family: Papilionaceae
Genus: Vicia
Species: V. pannonica
Common name: Hungarian vetch,
Persian name: Mashak-e-Majarestany
References and Links
Chrtková-Žertová, A., Maesen, L.J.G. Van. Der. and Rechinger, K.H. 1979. Papilonaceae I – Vicieae. In: Rechinger, K.H. (ed.), Flora Iranica, 140. Graz.
Ghahraman, A. 2017. Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publications. 8, 997.
Javadi, H. 2021. Seed: Processing and Quality tests. Agricultural Education & Extension Publishers, 175 pp.
Mozaffarian, V. 2006. A Dictionary of Iranian plant names. Latin-English-Persian. Farhang Moaser Publishers, 671 pp.
Mozaffarian, V. 2010. A pictorial dictionary of Botany (Botanical Taxonomy). Latin-English-French-German-Persian. Farhang Moaser Publishers, 1064 pp.
Pakravan, M., Jalilian, N. and Nemati, M. 2000. Flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publication. No.33: Papilionaceae (Vicieae).p.80.
Vít Bojnanský, Agáta Fargašová, 2007. Atlas of Seeds and Fruits of Central and East-European flora. Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands.323 p.
