Author: آمنه غلامی 
Hymenocrater yazdianus Rech. f.
Parvin Salehi Shanjani, Hamideh Javadi, Leila Falah Hoseini and Ali Mirhoseini
Natural Resources Gene Bank, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran.
Uploaded at December 2024
Scientific editor: Mohammad Dadmand
Seed Storage
The storage behavior of this species is orthodox (desiccation-tolerant seeds); dry to 15-20 % eRH and stored at -20 °C.
Germination requirements
The seeds of this species are not dormant. Sterilize seeds before placing them on wet germination paper. Place seeds for two weeks in 4ºC germinate uniformly. Then germinate under an alternating temperature regime of 15/25 ºC (the higher temperature for 16 hours of light and the lower one for 8 hours of dark).
Morphology
Fruit type: Achene
Fruit shape: Globose-elliptic, bi-convex, apex rounded, hilum bi-lobbed. Surface faint granulate, slight lustrous, dark brown to black
Fruit size: Length 2.01 to 2.81 mm, width 1.25 to 1.63 mm in an accession from Ashk-zar, Yazd, with 1000 seed/fruit weight 0.8 g, which was collected and identified in 2019 by Ali Mirhoseini, and is stored in the Natural Resources Gene Bank of Iran with the accession 47754.
Average 1000 seed/fruit weight: 0.8 to 1.3 g
Biological features
Life form: Perennial, subshrub, with a woody base. Stems quadrangular, branched from the base, height 25 to 45 cm
Inflorescence, flower type, and pollination mechanism: Inflorescences separated verticillasters; calyx gamosepalous, tubular part 3 to 7 mm long, with 5 purple equal teeth, covered with secretory glands without; corolla gamopetalous, 15 to 20 mm long, 2-lipped, upper lip 2 separated lobs, lower lip 3-lobed. Plant monoecious, cross-pollinated. Pollination is carried out by insects, especially bees.
Time of flowering: Spring
Time of seed ripening: Spring
Seed dispersal methods: By seed weight
Geographical distribution: Endemic to Iran. Typus from Yazd
Distribution in Iran: Center. In province Yazd
Taxonomy
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Hymenocrater
Species: H. yazdianus
Persian name: Golarvaneh-e yazdi
References and Links
Black, M. and Bewley, J.D. 2000. Seed technology and its biological basis. Sheffield Academic Press, 419 pp.
Bojnanský, V., Fargašová, A. 2007. Atlas of Seeds and Fruits of Central and East-European flora. Published by Springer Dordrecht, The Netherlands. 1046 pp.
Ghahreman, A. 1979-2003. Color flora of Iran. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Publishers, Tehran.
Jamzad, Z. 2012. Flora of Iran, No. 76: Lamiaceae. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands Press,Tehran, Iran, 1066 pp.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 1998. Dictionary of Iranian plants names. Farhange Moaser Publishers, Tehran, 671 pp.
Mozaffarian, V.A. 2012. A Pictorial dictionary of botany. Farhange Moaser Publisher, Tehran, 1088 pp.
Sharma, O.P. 2009. Plant taxonomy 2E. Tata McGraw-Hill Education, New Delhi, 563 pp.
